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• Acide : Acid (Substance which in solution gives a pH lower than seven. We obtain an acidic solution)
• Acide chlorhydrique : Hydrochloric acid (Acid solution of hydrogen chloride in water)
• Air : Air (Gas principally composed of nitrogen and oxygen.)
• Aluminium : Aluminium (Metallic element, symbol Al, atomic number 13)
• Ampoule à décanter : Separating funnel (Glassware with the shape of a bulb, having a tap downwards allowing the separation of two immiscible liquids.)
• Anhydre : Anhydrous (Not containing water)
• Aqueux : Aqueous (Describing a solution in water)
• Arôme : Aroma (Chemical compound responsible for the smell or for the taste of a substance.)
• Atmosphère : Atmosphere (Gaseous envelope principally composed of nitrogen and oxygen, which surrounds the globe of the Earth.)
• Atome : Atom (Smallest unit into which matter can be divided and still retain the characteristic properties of an element)
• Azote : Nitrogen (Element, chemical symbol N, atomic number 7 )
• Ballon : Round-bottomed flask (Spherical glassware)
• Bar : Bar (Unit of pressure.)
• Base : Base/Alkali (Substance which in solution gives a pH higher than seven. Any of various water-soluble compounds capable of turning litmus blue and reacting with an acid to form a salt and water. )
• Bec Bunsen : Bunsen burner (Used to provide heat for chemical reaction.)
• Bécher : Beaker (A wide cylindrical glass vessel with a pouring lip, used as a laboratory container and mixing jar.)
• Brouillard : Smog (A mixture of smoke, fog, and chemical fumes)
• Buée : Vapour (A substance that is in a gaseous state at a temperature below its boiling point)
• Butane : Butane (Combustible gas : chemical formula C4H10)
• Carbonate de calcium : Calcium carbonate (White crystalline salt occurring in limestone, chalk, marble, calcite, coral, and pearl: used in the production of lime and cement. Formula: CaCO3)
• Carbone : Carbon (Element, chemical symbol C, atomic number 6)
• Celsius : Celsius (Unit of temperature)
• Centrifugation : Centrifuging (The process of separating different particles in suspension in a liquid or a gas by a movement of very quick rotation. )
• Changement d'état : Change of state (Change from one state (solid, liquid or gas) to another state.)
• Charge électrique : Electrical charge ( A form of charge, designated positive, negative, or zero, found on the elementary particles that make up all known matter.)
• Chauffage à reflux : Reflux condenser (When a liquid mixture is heated, certain chemical compounds vaporise and become gaseous in a vertical column where they are cooled down by circulation of water and liquify falling back into the liquid mixture again.)
• Chauffe-ballon : Round-bottomed flask heater (Electrical apparatus that heats a round-bottomed flask )
• Chlorure de sodium : sodium chloride (Chemical name for salt, composed of sodium and chloride, NaCl.)
• Chromatographie  : Chromatography (Technology of separation of chemical components in solution in a homogeneous mixture, which uses the difference in the rates of migration of components carried by a solvent on a support.)
• Colorant : Colourant (A dye or similar reagent)
• Comburant : Oxidizer (A substance that oxidizes another substance, especially one that supports the combustion of fuel. A substance that enters into a combination with oxygen or becomes converted into an oxide)
• combustible : Fuel (Substance which undergoes combustion)
• Combustion : Combustion (A chemical process in which two compounds react together to produce heat and light.)
• Compact : Compact (Closely and firmly united or packed together)
• Compressible : Compressible (A substance for which the volume can be reduced without changing the quantity.)
• Compression : Compression (The volume decreases as the pressure increases at constant temperature)
• Concentration massique : Mass concentration (Mass of solute dissolved per litre of solution, g/L)
• Condensation : Condensation ( Change of state from gas to liquid or solid.)
• Conservation des atomes : Conservation of atoms (During a chemical reaction, the reacting atoms are conserved when the products are formed.)
• Corps pur : pure substance (Substance constituted by identical molecules.)
• Corrosif : Corrosive (Responsible for corrosion)
• Corrosion : Corrosion (Reaction between metal and the gas in air, the metal is oxidized to form an oxide layer on surface.)
• Cortège électronique : Electron shell (A grouping of electrons surrounding the nucleus of the atom)
• Cristallisoir : Crystallizer (Glassware used to form or cause to form crystals)
• Cuivre : Copper (Metallic element, chemical symbol Cu, atomic number 29)
• Cycle de l'eau : Water cycle (The circulation of the water through the air, seas, rivers and soil)
• Décantation : Decanting (The process of separating a liquid away from a solid that has settled.)
• Dégazage : Degassing (To extract the gas dissolved in a solution)
• Deshydratation : Dehydration (An action which consists of extracting water from a substance .The process of losing or removing water or moisture)
• Détendeur : Regulator (Device which lowers the pressure of compressed gas at ambient pressure.)
• Diazote : Nitrogen (gas or liquid) (N2, molecule composed of two atoms of nitrogen (chemical element, symbol N, atomic number 7))
• Diffusion : Diffusion (Permanent excitement of molecules in the liquid or gaseous state.)
• Dihydrogène : Hydrogen (gas or liquid hydrogen) (H2, molecule composed of two atoms of hydrogen (chemical element, symbol H, atomic number 1) )
• Diluer : To dilute (Decrease the concentration of a solution by adding solvent.)
• Dioxyde de carbone : Carbon dioxide (CO2, molecule composed of two oxygen atoms and one carbon atom.)
• Dispersé : Dispersed (Distributed throughout the whole of the volume.)
• Dissolution : Dissolving (The action of obtaining a homogeneous solution by stirring a solid, a liquid or a gas in a solvent)
• Dissoudre : To dissolve (The substance (solute) added to a solvent becomes evenly dispersed)
• Distillat : Distillate (The liquid obtained by distillation (see distillation))
• Distillation : Distillation (The process of separating a mixture of liquids by heating, the vapour of the liquid with the lowest boiling point comes off first and is condensed back to a liquid in a condenser.)
• Divisé : Divided (To become separated into components or parts)
• Ebullition : Boiling (A change of state from liquid to gaseous (vapour) at a temperature called the boiling point. It occurs by the formation of bubbles throughout the liquid.)
• Eau de chaux : Limewater (Calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2 or slaked lime) : white solid which dissolves slightly in water to form limewater. This is weakly alkaline and is used to test for carbon dioxide.)
• Eau distillée : Distilled water (Water which has had salts removed by distillation. It is done by distillation or ion exchange.)
• Effervescence : Effervescence (The formation of gaseous bubbles in a liquid by chemical reaction.)
• Electrode : Electrode (A piece of metal or graphite placed in a electrolyte via which current enters or leaves.)
• Electron : Electron (Basic particle of negative load which orbits around the nucleus of the atom)
• Electron libre : Free electron (It has broken loose from an atom of metal, and circulates in the structure. With other electrons of conduction, it constitutes electric current.)
• Eluant : Eluent (Liquid used during a chromatography, in which the bottom of the support is submerged.)
• Emulsion : Emulsion (Formed when fine droplets of one liquid are in suspension in another liquid. The two liquids are not miscible.)
• Energie chimique : Chemical energy (During a chemical reaction, energy appears: in the form of warmth, or light. There can be movement or an explosion.)
• Eprouvette : Measuring cylinder (Flask calibrated by cylindrical form, used for measuring the volume of a liquid)
• Equation de réaction : Equation of reaction (Symbolic writing of chemical reaction)
• Equilibrer une réaction : To equilibrate (to balance) a reaction (Put coefficients in front of chemical expressions of the reactive and products to respect the law of conservation of atoms)
• Erlenmeyer : Erlenmeyer (Cone-shaped container used in chemistry)
• Evaporation : Evaporation (Slow transformation of a liquid into vapour from the surface.)
• Evaporer (s') : To evaporate (Be slowly transformed into steam.)
• Fer : Iron (Dark grey metal, attracted by a magnet, and becoming covered with rust after exposure to humid air. Chemical expression: Fe)
• Filtrat : Filtrate (Product resulting from filtering)
• Filtration : Filtration, filtering (Separation of the solid particles in suspension in a heterogeneous mixture often with the aid of filter paper.)
• Fiole jaugée : Volumetric flask (Used when mixing accurate concentrations of solutions. Each flask has a volume marking which is very exact and a stopper so that it can be shaken to mix the solution.)
• Floculation : Floculation (Gathering in form of small flakes, of very fine solid particles in suspension in water)
• Fondre : To melt (Pass from the solid state to the liquid state)
• Fumée : Smoke (Mixture of fine solid particles in suspension in a gas)
• Fusion : Melting, fusion (Passage from the solid state to the liquid state)
• Gaz : Gas (Compressible and expansible formless material )
• Gaz carbonique : Carbon dioxide (Gas produced during all processes of combustion. Chemical expression: CO2. It is responsible for the greenhouse effect)
• Givre : Frost (Ice deposited on objects, acquired by solidification of a mist)
• Glace : Ice (Solid form of water)
• Goutte (goutte à goutte)  : Drop (drop by drop) (Small quantity of a liquid in a round form.)
• Graphique : Graph (Graphic presentation of the variations of a measurable greatness)
• Grêle : Hail (Solid haste constituted of small mass of ice)
• GPL : GLP (Gas of liquefied oil. Fuel used for car motors. It is a mixture of propane and butane.)
• Hélium : Helium (Very light, not inflammable gas. It is used in sounding balloon, and to accomplish very low temperatures. )
• Hétérogène : Heterogeneous (A blend of several constituents which can be differentiated by the naked eye)
• Homogène : Homogeneous (A blend of several constituents which can not be differentiated by the naked eye)
• Horizontal : Horizontal (Perpendicular direction in the vertical direction given by a thread with lead)
• Hydrate : Hydrate (A salt that contains water of crystallization. (It is hydrated). The salt becomes an anhydrate if the water is removed.)
• Hydraté : Hydrous (Substance that contains water)
• Hydrogène : Hydrogen (Very light, inflammable, uncolored and scentless gas. It is the most abounding element in the world, particularly in stars and interstellar material. )
• Incandescence : Incandescence (State of a chemical component which issues light when strongly heated)
• Insoluble : Insoluble (Which does not dissolve in a given solvent)
• Introduire : To put in (To introduce)
• Ion : Ion (Holder of load in a solution, resulting from an atom or a group of atoms having lost or gained one or several electrons)
• Limpide : Limpid (Which is perfectly transparent)
• Liquéfaction : Liquefaction (Passage from the gaseous state to the liquid state)
• Liquide : Liquid (State of the material not having a clear form, and the volume of which is invariable)
• Masse : Mass (Quantity of material measuring scales)
• Masse volumique : Volumic mass (Mass of the unit of volume)
• Mélange : Mixture, mix (Which contains several substances.)
• Mélange homogène : Homogeneous mixture (Blend the different constituents of which they cannot differentiate in the bare eye)
• mélange hétérogène : Heterogeneous mixture (Blend two constituents of which they can differentiate at least in the bare eye)
• Mélange réfrigérant : freezing mixture (Mixture of ice and certain substances, for instance ice and marine salt, which produces a big cold.)
• Ménisque (le bas du -, le haut du - ) : Meniscus (the foot of-, the top of-) (Surface bent by some liquid in contact with air)
• Métal : Metal (It is a class of materials. These are elements, drivers of electricity.)
• Méthane : Methane (Gas used as fuel (city gas) . The molecule has as expression CH4. )
• Miscible : Mixible (Two liquids are miscible when they form a homogeneous mixture)
• Moléculaire : Molecular (Which belongs to a molecule)
• Molécule : Molecule (Grouping of atoms linked between them)
• Monoxyde de carbone : Carbon monoxide (Scentless, uncolored, very toxic gas. It is produced during incomplete combustion)
• Motif élémentaire : Elementary motif, basic motif (Party of the graphic presentation of the évolution in the course of the time of a periodical phenomenon)
• Non miscible : Immiscible (Incapable of being mixed or blended together. Immiscible liquids that are shaken together eventually separate into layers. Oil and water are immiscible)
• Nuage : Cloud ( A visible body of very fine water droplets or ice particles suspended in the atmosphere at altitudes ranging up to several miles above sea level)
• Opaque : Opaque (Does not allow any light to pass through)
• Palier de température : Temperature dwell (Time during which a temperature does not change)
• Pollué : Polluted (Made unclean or impure; contaminated)
• Potable : Drinkable (potable) (It can be drunk without any damage to health )
• Précipité : Precipitate (A solid separated from a solution)
• Réfrigérant : Condenser (A piece of laboratory glassware used to cool hot vapours or liquids)
• Recueillir un gaz par déplacement d'eau : Collecting gas over water (Technique for extracting a gas dissolved in a liquid by collecting it in a container previously filled with water : the gas progressively replaces the water in the container)
• Résidu : Residue (Matter remaining after completion of a chemical or physical process, such as evaporation, combustion, distillation, or filtration.)
• Rosée : Dew (Droplets of water deposited on grass in the morning due to the condensation of atmospheric moisture)
• Salin : Saline (Containing salt)
• Solution saline : Saline solution (Solution containing salt )
• Saturé : saturated (see saturated solution) (A solution that contains the maximum amount of solute that the solvent can dissolve at a given temperature)
• Saumure : Brine (Very salty water)
• Solide : Solid (A state of matter. A substance having a definite shape and volume; one that is neither liquid nor gaseous)
• Solidification : Solidification (The process of becoming hard or solid by cooling or drying or crystallization)
• Soluté : Solute (A substance that is dissolved in another substance (a solvent), forming a solution)
• Solution : Solution (The dissolution of a solute into a solvent forms a solution)
• Solution aqueuse : Aqueous solution (In an aqueous solution the solvent is water)
• Solution saturée : Saturated solution (A solution in which it is not possible to dissolve more solute)
• Solvant : Solvent (A substance, usually a liquid, in which another substance is dissolved, forming a solution.)
• Sublimation : Sublimation (The process of changing from a solid to a gas without passing through an intermediate liquid phase)
• Sulfate de cuivre anhydre : Anhydrous Copper (II) Sulphate (Grey-white powder used to identify the presence of water in a substance. When water is detected the colour of the powder changes to blue.)
• Surface libre : Free surface (A boundary between two homogeneous fluids.)
• Suspension : Suspension (A dispersion of fine solid or liquid particles in a fluid. Particles in a suspension precipitate if the suspension is allowed to stand undisturbed.)
• Symbole chimique : Chemical Symbol (Letter or group of letters representing a chemical element)
• Température : Temperature (Physical property that is measured with a thermometer. The unit often employed is the Degree Celsius (°C). The SI unit is the Kelvin (0 °C = 273.16 K))
• Thermomètre : Thermometer (Device allowing temperature measurement)
• Transparent : Transparent (A substance or object that allows all the light to pass through.)
• Trompe à eau : Water aspirator (An instrument or apparatus that utilizes a vacuum to draw up gases or granular materials.)
• Vapeur d'eau : Steam (Gaseous form of water)
• Vaporisation : Vaporisation (or vaporization) (Transition from liquid state to gas state)
• Volume : Volume (The volume of an object is the space that this object occupies)

Retour à la Catégorie: Lexique Sciences Physiques